Fuel-injector.



S. WIGELIUS.

FUEL INJECTOR. APPLIOATION FILED APR.26, 1910 Patented Oct. 6, 1914.1

5 1 Megan I TTURN Y.

SVEN WIGELIUS, F STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR T0 AKTIEBOLAGET WIGELIUSMOTORER,

OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

FUEL-1N3 ECTOR.

Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

Application filed April 26, 1910. Serial No. 557,781.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SVEN WrGnLIUs, engineer, a subject of the King ofSweden,

and residing at Kaptensgatan 17 Stockair through a holm, Sweden, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Injectors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to a regulatin device for gas motors and has forits 0 ect to regulate the quantity of air introduced into the cylinderin such a manner that said quantity will increase when the volume of thecylinder will increase during the movements of the piston, whilesimultaneously the velocity of the air will be very high in order toobtain an intimate mixture of air and fuel. This is attained accordingto the present invention by introducing the channel, the cross-sectionwhereof is varied during the movement of the piston in such a way thatthe cross-section will increase when the cylinder volume increases. Thisis preferably attained by forming the air channel between a station arytube-wall and a movable spindle, in which case either the cross-sectionof the spindle or the inner diameter of the tube or both varies.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing in longitudinal section.

a indicates an outer tubular sleeve, into which the plug 7) is screwed.0 indicates an inner vertically movable tube and d the regulatingspindle, which is arranged in the channel formed by the parts I) and c.

e is the air passage.

The regulating spindle is provided with a shoulder edge It and tapersbelow this shoulder edge, which during the upward movement of thespindle moves into the part of the channel 6, which increases in widthtoward the top of the tube 0. By the cooperation of the tapering spindleand the channel, the width of which increases from the shoulder edge iof the tube 0, the air channel will of course be varied by the relativemovement of the parts 0 and d, and a greater or smaller quantity of airwill thereby flow through this channel 6. If the dimensions of thespindle and the channel are selected properly and if the spindle issuitably moved, for instance by means of cams, being in timed relatignwhich the engine, the quantity of the air introduced is regulated duringeach moment in such a manner that it corresponds entirely or nearly tothe increase of the cylinder volume during the same time.

In order to obtain a very intimate mixing of the air and the fuelintroduced, it is preferable that this fuel is introduced at or nearthat place of the channel, where its cross-section is the smallest andwhere thus the speed of the current is the greatest. In theembodiment-shown this is attained by introducing the fuel through thechannel f into the annular space 9' between the lower end of the tube 0and the upper end of the plug 6, the enlarged portion at the lower endof said tube 0 constituting a valve is, while the frusto-conical surfaceIt within the sleeve is acting as a valve seat for the same. Compressedair is introduced into the annular space 0' through the channel 3', aswell as through the passage 6, while the fuel is introduced through thefuel part f into the annular chamber g. If the spindle d is raised, anannular space surrounding the spindle is formed through which thecompressed air is rushing into the cylinder and which, when the tube 0is elevated, the annular space 9. The spindle d is formed intermediateits ends with a shoulder h constituting a valve adapted to rest againstthe seat 2' of the tube 0, when said spindle is elevated. In order toadmit a generous quantity of air to the cylinder during the forwardmovement of the piston, the cross-section of the annular air inletchannel must be increased during the upward motion of the spindle d.This is effected by tapering that part of the spin dle below theshoulder h as shown. It will be clear, that consequently during the upand downward movement of the spindle d the air inlet channel will beenlarged or decreased. The fuel is injected in the customary mannerthrough the inlet f into the fuel chamber or which is alternately incommunicationwith the space surrounding the spindle and with the fuelpump. The valve at the lower part of the tube 0 closely fits to thespindle d and thus, when the fuel valve is closed. no hollow space isremaining, in which fuel may be retained which is in communication withjso could be suckedinto the cylinder and become the cause ofafter-ignitions.

A fuel port j leads from a fuel pum to the base of the sleeve a, and thetube (2 has an annular recess '0" which serves to admit the fuel fromthe pump to the chamber 9 formed by the inclined meet-' ing faces of thetube 0 and the plug 6. This supplemental air controls the richness ofthe mixture passing through the chamber 9. When the spindle d 1s moved uwardly, the shoulder edge It passes into t e diverging or graduallyenlarged portion of the interior of the tube 0, whichis the air passage.This permits the air to flow downwardly about the spindle and to mixwith the fuel mixture passing through the chamber 9 down the bore b. Thereducedportion 12.", lying abreastof the converging edge i of the tube0, controls the volume of air passage in proportion to the move- ,mentof the spindle d, in an upward direction, by increasing or decreasingthe air volume.

The spaced lugs 0 prevent absolute closure of the chamber and it will beseen that the movement of the tube 0, will not alter the air admissioncontrolled by the spindle, as the latter will be moved correspondinglyto whatever position the tube 0 occupies.

' Below the enlarged space 6 the sleeve 5 and spindle d are providedwith coeperating shoulders as indicatedat' l which-act as a valve whenthe spindle is in its lower position and which serve to further restrictand regulate the flow when the spindle d is raised. Near the lowerextremity of the spindle d is a third restriction of the pas sage forthe air and fuel causediby a lip 11. on the sleeve 1) and a shoulder 0on the spindle 03. Intermediate the shoulders at l and 0 there is arelatively enlarged passage p. What I claim is:

1. A fuel injector for combustion engines,

- comprising in combination, a tubular sleeve,

a vertically movable tube within said sleeve, provided at its lower endWithvalve, a plug secured into said sleeve from below, provided with avalve seat for'said valve, a movable regulating spindle in said tube andsaid plug, and a shoulder upon said spindle constituting a valve withthe lower end of said tube. v I

2. A fuel injector for combustion engines,

comprising in combination, a movable tube,

' a central regulating spindle therein, forming with the wall shoulderupon contracted on one side of said the 'innersectio'n of the tube ofsaid tube, said spindle said tube being shoulder, and

' side being diverging toward the other-side of the shoulder,substantially as described.

'3. A fuel injector for combustion engines, comprising in combination,

of the spindle an annular a channel, a

on the other a contracted,

movable tube, a central movable regulating spindle therein, adapted tocontact when in its lower end-position with the contracted part of saidtube, a fuel passa e past the end of said tube, a shoulder on t espindle immediately below that part thereof contacting with said tube,and arranged at or near the mouth of the fuel passage said spindlebeing'contract'ed below said shoulder, substan- 'tially as described.

4. A fuel nozzle for combustion engines comprising in combination, astructure comprising an outer sleeve and an inner movable tubeand asocket screwed into said sleeve below said tube, said structure havin anair passage delivering to the cylinder of the engme and provided withtions at spaced longitudinal points thereof, and having a forced feedfuel passage delivering to the air passage at one of the contractedportions thereof, and a spindle movable longitudinally in said tube andsocket and having enlargements or tions coacting with the contractedportions of said passage to vary during the movement the cross sectionalarea of the air passage at more than one of the contracted portions,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

fuelnozzle for combustion engines comprising in combination, a structurecomprising an outer sleeve and an inner movable tube, and a socketscrewed into said sleeve below said tube, said structure having an airpassage provided with A tracted portions at spaced polnts longitudinallythereof, and having a passage for fuel under pressure leading to saidair passage contracted por-- shoulder por- I adually conat onecontracted point thereof, and a spindle-movable longitudinally in saidtube and socket, said spindle having adually enlarging portions coactingw1th the contracted portions to form valves and to vary during themovement of the spindle the cross sectional' area of the air passage atmore than one of the contracted .portions, substantially'as described. I

6. A fuel nozzle for combustion engines comprising in combination, astructure comprising an outer sleeve and an inner movable tube-and asocket screwed into said sleeve below said tube, air passage providedwith an upward and a downwardly gradually contracted portion, saidstructure having a forced'feed fuelport delivering to said passage atthe-contracted point thereof,the space between said sleeve and saidspindle enlargin *downwardl from said first contracted pd i'tion and'theii again converging to form a second contracted part, and aspindlemovable longitudinally in said tube and socket, and'having firstand second enlargements c acting with the first and second contractedpoints in said passage, to vary during the movements 13!) of the spindlethe cross sectional area of the air passage at more than one of thecontracted portions, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. A fuel nozzle for combustion engines comprising in combinatiomastructure comprising an outer sleeve and an inner movable tube and asocket screwed into said sleeve below said tube, said structure havingan air passage provided with an upper and a downwardly graduallycontracting portion, said structure having a forced feed fuel porttracted point, said passage being enlarged downwardly from said firstcontracted point and then converging to form a second contracted point,the space between said sleeve and said spindle enlarging anddowndelivering to said passage at said conwardly converging at the mouthor delivering end thereof to form a third contracted point, and aspindle movable longitudinally in said tube and socket and having first,second and third enlargements coacting with the first, second and thirdcontracted points in said assage to vary during the movements 0 thespindle the cross sectional area of the air passage at more than one ofthe contracted portions, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my 30 name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SVEN WIGELIUS.

Witnesses HEDING MELINDER, HARRY ALBIHU.

